1. What is Kuru
a. a village in Papua New Guinea
b. a tribal religion involving cannibalism
c. a language spoken in northern Australasia
d. a disease associated with cannibalism
e. an alcoholic beverage made from fermented yams

2. Where you be most likely to find bacteria
a. In your urine
b. In your blood
c. In your throat
d. In your liver
e. In your brain

3. If a bacterium divides once every hour, after 8 hours, how many bacteria will there be?
a. 2
b. 8
c. 9
d. 16
e. 256

4. The American researcher who tracked the source of the degenerative brain disease among the Fore was
a. Carlton Gajdusek
b. Macfarlane Burnet
c. Jacob Creutzfeldt
d. Hermann Biggs
e. Robert Koch

5. Bacteria have been present on earth for
a. thousands of years
b. hundreds of thousands of years
c. millions of years
d. billions of years
e. hundreds of billions of years

6. What made Mary Mallon so special?
a. She was the first “healthy carrier” of typhoid fever identified in the US
b. She was the first “healthy carrier” of typhoid fever identified in the world
c. She was the first female carrier identified in New York (two males identified before her)
d. She was the first person whose diagnosis of Typhoid Fever was confirmed by a bacteriological test
e. She was one of the very few persons to survive having Typhoid Fever

7. The number of persons thought to have been infected by Mary Mallon was
a. none
b. 3
c. a few dozen
d. a few hundred
e. a few thousand

8. What was Mary Mallon’s profession?
a. Nurse
b. Nanny
c. Cleaning lady
d. Cook
e. Laundress

9. The most common mode of transmission of Typhoid Fever is
a. blood-blood contact
b. dried sputum
c. fecal-oral contamination
d. sexual intercourse
e. insect bites

10. The one man who tried to get Marry Mallon released from North Brother Island in 1909 was
a. Joseph Pulitzer
b. Hermann Biggs
c. George Soper
d. William Randolph Hearst
e. Carlton Gajdusek

11. When Mary Mallon was first approached by someone telling her that she was a carrier of Typhoid Fever and requesting that she submit for testing, she
a. accompanied him willingly to the hospital, but only the first time
b. sat silently and refused to answer his questions
c. contacted her lawyer
d. threw him out of the house
e. fled from the city

12. The lesson of “Typhoid Mary” lives on in a sign we see posed quite frequently, namely:
a. “Employees must wash hands before returning to work”
b. “No oysters in months without an R”
c. “Spitting is prohibited.”
d. “Reg. Pa. Dept. of Agriculture”
e. “Pasteurized”

13. How old was Mary Mallon when she died?
a. in her 20’s
b. in her 30’s
c. in her 40’s
d. in her 60’s
e. in her 80’s

14. Which of these is NOT currently a legal basis for quarantine in the US?
a. Typhoid Fever
b. Tuberculosis
c. Smallpox
d. Mumps
e. AIDS

15. Briehof is the name of
a. the chief health officer of the city of New York in 1907
b. a friend of Mary Mallon’s with whom she sometimes lived
c. a man who was also a “healthy carrier” of Typhoid Fever
d. a police official on Papua-New Guinea
e. the German microbiologist who first succeeded in growing the bacterium that causes Typhoid Fever

16. Salmonella typhi evades the body’s defenses because
a. It is not a pathogen and does not need to evade them
b. It is resistant to antibiotics
c. It grows faster than the body’s defenses can counter
d. It prevents the phagocytes from engulfing it
e. It blocks fusion of lytic vesicles with the vacuole containing it

17. The place where S. typhi hides in healthy carriers is most commonly
a. the liver
b. the gall bladder
c. the lungs and throat
d. the fingers
e. the stomach

18. The first efforts at public health involved municipal garbage collection, draining of sewage-contaminated swamps, and primitive sewage treatment facilities. These efforts were spurred by the public’s fear of
a. bacteria
b. floods
c. rats, lice, and mosquitoes
d. evil spirits
e. miasmas

19. The first line of defense of the human body against bacterial infections is
a. The immune response
b. The skin
c. Digestive enzymes
d. Water treatment
e. Antibacterial soaps

20. During the years of Mary Mallon’s first detention on North Brother Island, Ireland
a. underwent a bloody civil war that freed it from English rule
b. underwent a debilitating potato famine that resulted in the emigration of many Irish to the Americas
c. entered the first World War on the side of the Allied Powers
d. entered the first World War on the side of the Axis Powers
e. remained an unwilling colony of Great Britain

21. Papua New Guinea is located
a. just north of Australia
b. just south of Australia
c. just east of Australia
d. just west of Australia
e. just southwest of Africa

22. Typhoid Fever is still a “reportable” disease. This means that
a. newspapers are permitted to publish not only its outbreak, but also the names of carriers
b. those diagnosed with Typhoid Fever must report at regular intervals to health officials for testing
c. physicians are required to report all cases to local public health authorities
d. public health officials are required to inform the public of any outbreaks in the region
e. medical journals still accept articles on Typhoid Fever for publication

23. Where would you be likely to find amyloid plaques
a. in the gall bladder
b. in milk and in the drinking water
c. in the brain
d. on a scientist’s wall
e. in the cytoplasm (“cell sap”) of a bacterium