1. Lymphadenopathy is a more technical term for
(a) PCP
(b) Gay bowel syndrome
(c) Toxo
(d) Kaposi’s
(e) Swollen glands

2. If you go for a routine HIV test, the test will probably be one that looks for
(a) DNA derived from HIV
(b) HIV proteins
(c) Antibodies against HIV
(d) Reverse transcriptase activity
(e) Ratio of T4 to T8 cells

3. One reason that antibodies are important to our health is that if an antibody binds to something,
(a) It kills the B-cell it is attached to
(b) It activates complement, which kills the cell the antibody recognizes
(c) It causes T-helper cells to multiply
(d) It allows T-helper cells to bind to T-killer cells and make them more aggressive
(e) The antibody begins secreting poisons that kill neighboring cells

4. In order for HIV to infect a cell, that cell must have what molecule on its surface
(a) Antibody
(b) Complement
(c) CD4
(d) CD8
(e) CXCR4

5. In the first two years of the AIDS epidemic (1981-83), AIDS was considered a “syndrome” because you were diagnosed as having AIDS if
(a) You had a T4 cell count under 200
(b) You were infected with HIV
(c) You were a practicing homosexual male
(d) You had two or more rare diseases from a list
(e) You had a prodromic infection arising from a “sinful” behavior

6. When a CD4 molecule on a T4 cell binds specifically to something it recognizes, something happens to the CD4 molecule that allows it to tell the T4 cell to perform its specific function. The “something” that happens is best described by the term
(a) Clonal expansion
(b) Complement fixation
(c) Conformational change
(d) Antigen presentation
(e) Antibody diversity

7. The genetic material of a retrovirus is made up of
(a) Double stranded DNA
(b) Double stranded RNA
(c) Single stranded DNA
(d) Single stranded RNA
(e) Protein

8. The total number of people infected with HIV worldwide is about the same as the total population of
(a) Ann Arbor plus Ypsilanti
(b) Detroit
(c) Michigan plus California
(d) The USA plus Canada
(e) China plus India

9. According to And the Band Played On, Dr. Ayre Rubinstein worked with HIV in
(a) Hemophiliacs
(b) Homosexuals
(c) Babies
(d) Movie stars
(e) Organ transplant patients

10. Antigen presentation is best done by
(a) T4 cells
(b) T8 cells
(c) Macrophages
(d) Complement
(e) HIV

11. Which of these is smallest in size?
(a) A macrophage
(b) A Salmonella cell
(c) HIV
(d) Antibody
(e) A cube that is 1 millimeter on each side

12. Dr. Grethe Rask, the Danish physician whose death from ADS is discussed at the beginning of And the Band Played On probably acquired her HIV infection
(a) In New York City
(b) In CaliforniaZ
(c) In Africa
(d) From her lesbian lover
(e) In a Danish hospital

13. In the standard ELISA test for HIV, the enzyme that generates a color is attached to
(a) Human antibodies that recognize HIV
(b) Animal antibodies that recognize human antibodies
(c) RNA from HIV
(d) Proteins from HIV(e) T4 cells

14. Raising an immune response involves “clonal expansion” of specific classes of B-cells, T4-helper cells, and T8-killer cells. But for clonal expansion of any of these you must have
(a) B-cells
(b) T4-helper cells
(c) T8-killer cells
(d) Complement
(e) Antibodies

15. During HIV infection, the protein that “harpoons” the cell membrane and brings it close enough to the viral membrane to allow fusion of the two membranes is
(a) CD4
(b) CCR5
(c) gp120
(d) gp41
(e) Integrase

16. The most likely origin of the HIV strain currently prevalent in the US is
(a) An accidental event related to a US germ-warfare project
(b) A combination of many STDs coming together in a single individual as the result of promiscuous sexual behavior
(c) A virus originally present in chimpanzees
(d) A mutation of a feline leukemia virus allowing it to infect humans
(e) A virus designed to sicken injection drug users as part of the US war on drugs

17. One cell type can be characterized as the “Trojan Horse” of the immune system for HIV infection. That is because these cells can kill HIV or grow HIV (and do so in the lymph nodes). That cell type is
(a) B-cell
(b) T4-helper cell
(c) T8-killer cell
(d) Macrophage
(e) Complement

18. Which of these must a retrovirus do first in a successful infection of a cell
(a) Make a DNA copy of its RNA
(b) Release its genetic material from the capsid
(c) Be broken down by digestive enzymes packaged in a lysosome
(d) Integrate its DNA into the cell’s genes
(e) Attach itself specifically to a molecule on the outside of the cell

19. The global AIDS pandemic began in which century?
(a) 21st
(b) 20th
(c) 19th
(d) 18th
(e) 17th

20. Hemophiliacs need Factor VIII because without it
(a) They cannot raise their own immune response
(b) They cannot regulate how their body uses sugar
(c) Their high blood pressure will lead to heart attack or stroke
(d) Their cancer would spread to other tissues
(e) Their blood won’t clot

21. If a mature B-cell and a mature T8-killer cell both bind to the same antigen (or the same antigen presenting cell)
(a) The B-cell will begin dividing rapidly but the T8-killer cell will not
(b) The T8-kiler cell will begin dividing rapidly but the B- cell will not
(c) Both the B-cell and the T8-killer cell will begin dividing rapidly
(d) Neither the B-cell nor the T8-killer cell will begin dividing rapidly

22. As used in And the Band Played On, the term “Patient Zero” means
(a) The first person to get AIDS and bring it to the US
(b) The person in a cluster study with whom the largest number of patients have direct or near-direct contact
(c) A person who never became infected with HIV despite many sexual encounters with persons so had AIDS
(d) A person who never got AIDS despite an HIV infection
(e) A person who has not possibility of being infected with HIV because he/she has never engaged in any of the risky behaviors that can transmit HIV

23. How many states require the reporting of the names of all persons with AIDS?
(a) None
(b) A few
(c) About half
(d) Most
(e) All

24. According to And the Band Played On, which of these individuals did the most for the fight against AIDS in the early years?
(a) Dianne Feinstein, the mayor of San Francisco
(b) Ed Koch, the mayor of New York City
(c) George Deukmejian, the governor of California
(d) Mario Cuomo, the governor of New York
(e) Willie Brown, the mayor of Los Angeles ( A typo here, so I also accepted Willie Brown — but he was speaker of the California Assembly)

25. One of the key proteins needed for successful production of new HIV during an infection is protease. What does protease do?
(a) Copy RNA into DNA
(b) Copy DNA into RNA
(c) Decode RNA into proteins
(d) Cut proteins into smaller pieces
(e) Assemble the protein shell of HIV from smaller units

26. The cell type that is responsible for making antibodies is
(a) B-cell
(b) T4-helper cell
(c) T8-killer cell
(d) Macrophage
(e) Complement

27. The HIV protein that makes HIV recognize specifically the cells of the immune response is
(a) Gag
(b) Pol
(c) gp41
(d) gp120
(e) CD4

28. According to And the Band Played On, which of the following would be considered the most abrasive and combative personality
(a) Larry Kramer
(b) Paul Popham
(c) Cleve Jones
(d) Bill Kraus
(e) Enno Poersch