{"id":12421,"date":"2025-12-02T09:01:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-02T14:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/?p=12421"},"modified":"2025-11-25T17:31:17","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T22:31:17","slug":"batik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2025\/batik\/","title":{"rendered":"Batik"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">(Wax-Resist Dyed Fabric)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"umich-mivideo-wrapper\">\n\n<iframe\nsrc=\"https:\/\/cdnapisec.kaltura.com\/p\/1038472\/sp\/103847200\/embedIframeJs\/uiconf_id\/46145191\/partner_id\/1038472?iframeembed=true&#038;entry_id=1_aou4bek9&#038;flashvars%5BstreamerType%5D=auto&#038;flashvars%5BlocalizationCode%5D=en\"\nwidth=\"960\"\nheight=\"540\"\nframeborder=\"0\"\nallowfullscreen\nallow=\"autoplay *; fullscreen *; encrypted-media *\"\nsandbox=\"allow-downloads allow-forms allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation allow-pointer-lock allow-popups allow-modals allow-orientation-lock allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-presentation allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation\"\ntitle=\"MiVideo\">\n<\/iframe>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-black-color has-text-color\">Arielle Winnik<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Related Terms:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Ikat <\/em><\/strong>(dyeing technique that employs binding and resists dyeing)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2025\/suzani\/\">Suzani<\/a><\/strong> (embroidered textiles from Central Asia)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2021\/tiraz\/\">Tiraz<\/a><\/em><\/strong> (epigraphic textile)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2023\/silk\/\">Silk<\/a><\/strong> (natural fiber made from silkworm cocoons)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2023\/loom\/\">Loom<\/a> <\/strong>(an instrument for weaving)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Related Khamseen Videos:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nazanin Hedayat Munroe, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/topics\/2025\/figural-silk-in-safavid-iran\/\">Figural Silk in Safavid Iran<\/a>,\u201d&nbsp;<em>Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online<\/em>, published 23 January 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Elizabeth Dosp\u011bl Williams, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/topics\/2020\/craft-and-aesthetics-in-byzantine-and-early-islamic-textiles\/\">Craft and Aesthetics in Byzantine and Early Islamic Textiles<\/a>,\u201d&nbsp;<em>Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online<\/em>, published 19 October 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eiren Shea, \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/topics\/2024\/mongol-womens-court-dress\/\">Mongol Women\u2019s Court Dress<\/a>,\u201d&nbsp;<em>Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online<\/em>, published 14 March 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Selected References:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-1 wp-block-paragraph\">Barnes, Ruth, Mary Hunt Kahlenberg, and Bruce White. <em>Five Centuries of Indonesian Textiles: The Mary Hunt Kahlenberg Collection<\/em>. Munich: Delmonico Books\/Prestel, 2010. <a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/title\/630456864\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"wp-image-642\" style=\"width: 16px\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2020\/09\/external-link-alt.png\" alt=\"Barnes, Ruth. Indian Block-Printed Textiles in Egypt: The Newberry Collection in the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford. New York: Clarendon Press, 1997.\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2 wp-block-paragraph\">Bennett, James. <em>Crescent Moon: Islamic Art &amp; Civilisation in Southeast Asia = Bulan Sabit: Seni Dan Peradaban Islam Di Asia Tenggara<\/em>. Adelaide: National Gallery of Australia, 2005. <a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/title\/70107344\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"wp-image-642\" style=\"width: 16px\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2020\/09\/external-link-alt.png\" alt=\"Floor, Willem. The Persian Textile Industry: In Historical Perspective, 1500\u20131925. Paris: Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019histoire de l\u2019Orient, 1999. \"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3 wp-block-paragraph\">Boow, Justine. <em>Symbol and Status in Javanese Batik<\/em>. Nedlands, WA, Australia: Asian Studies Centre, University of Western Australia, 1988. <a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/title\/21151452\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"wp-image-642\" style=\"width: 16px\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2020\/09\/external-link-alt.png\" alt=\"Crill, Rosemary, ed. The Fabric of India. London: V&amp;A Publishing, 2015.\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4 wp-block-paragraph\">Smend, Rudolf et al. <em>Batik from the Courts of Java and Sumatra: Rudolf G. Smend Collection<\/em>. Singapore: Periplus, 2004. <a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/title\/1234448290\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"wp-image-642\" style=\"width: 16px\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2020\/09\/external-link-alt.png\" alt=\"Fee, Sarah, ed. The Cloth That Changed the World: The Art and Fashion of Indian Chintz. Toronto: The Royal Ontario Museum and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2019.\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5 wp-block-paragraph\">Van Hout, Itie. <em>Batik: Drawn in Wax. 200 Years of Batik Art from Indonesia in the Tropenmuseum Collection<\/em>. Amsterdam: Royal Tropical Institute, 2001. <a href=\"https:\/\/search.worldcat.org\/title\/47279780\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" class=\"wp-image-642\" style=\"width: 16px\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2020\/09\/external-link-alt.png\" alt=\"Houghteling, Sylvia. The Art of Cloth in Mughal India. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2022.\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Citation:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-paragraph\">Arielle Winnik, \u201cBatik,\u201d <em>Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online<\/em>, published 4 December 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"http:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/10\/awinnik_headshot-1025_300px.jpg\" alt=\"Portrait of Arielle Winnik\" class=\"wp-image-12426\" style=\"object-fit:cover;width:250px;height:250px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/10\/awinnik_headshot-1025_300px.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/10\/awinnik_headshot-1025_300px-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/10\/awinnik_headshot-1025_300px-12x12.jpg 12w, https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/10\/awinnik_headshot-1025_300px-50x50.jpg 50w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6 wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Arielle Winnik<\/strong> (Ph.D., Bryn Mawr College, 2022) is the Donna Torrance Assistant Curator of Indo-Pacific Art at the Yale University Art Gallery. Her research focuses on textiles across and beyond the Islamic world, from Arabic-inscribed textiles used by Egypt&#8217;s Christian minority population to silks found in western China. Her current project at Yale focuses on the Art Gallery&#8217;s collection of over 1,000 textiles from the Indonesian Archipelago, which range from the thirteenth century to the present. Her recent publications include articles on <em>tiraz<\/em> textiles found in Northeast Africa (\u201cDress and Identity in Christian Nubia,\u201d <em>Convivium<\/em> [2024]) and on textiles from Java&#8217;s Kerek region (\u201cTextiles from the Rens Heringa Collection at the Yale University Art Gallery,\u201d <em>Textiles Asia<\/em> [2024]).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(Wax-Resist Dyed Fabric) Arielle Winnik Related Terms: Related Khamseen Videos: Nazanin Hedayat Munroe, \u201cFigural Silk in Safavid Iran,\u201d&nbsp;Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online, published 23 January 2025. Elizabeth Dosp\u011bl Williams, \u201cCraft and Aesthetics in Byzantine and Early Islamic Textiles,\u201d&nbsp;Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online, published 19 October 2020. Eiren Shea, \u201cMongol Women\u2019s Court Dress,\u201d&nbsp;Khamseen: Islamic Art History&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2025\/batik\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Batik<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2428,"featured_media":12418,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[187],"tags":[252,409,191,355],"class_list":["post-12421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-terms","tag-b","tag-south-asian-arts-terms","tag-terms","tag-textiles-terms","entry"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px.jpg","uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px.jpg",900,600,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"medium_large":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px-768x512.jpg",768,512,true],"large":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px.jpg",900,600,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px.jpg",900,600,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px.jpg",900,600,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px-18x12.jpg",18,12,true],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2025\/09\/winnik-batik-term-video-image_900x600px.jpg",900,600,false]},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Julia Falkovitch-Khain","author_link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/author\/juliafk\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"(Wax-Resist Dyed Fabric) Arielle Winnik Related Terms: Related Khamseen Videos: Nazanin Hedayat Munroe, \u201cFigural Silk in Safavid Iran,\u201d&nbsp;Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online, published 23 January 2025. Elizabeth Dosp\u011bl Williams, \u201cCraft and Aesthetics in Byzantine and Early Islamic Textiles,\u201d&nbsp;Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online, published 19 October 2020. Eiren Shea, \u201cMongol Women\u2019s Court Dress,\u201d&nbsp;Khamseen: Islamic Art History&hellip;&hellip;","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":5924,"url":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2023\/loom\/","url_meta":{"origin":12421,"position":0},"title":"Loom","author":"besener","date":"May 18, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Amanda Phillips Related Terms: Ikat (dyeing technique that employs binding and resists dyeing) Khil\u02bfa (robe of honor) Silk (natural fiber made from silkworm cocoons) Suzani (embroidered textiles from Central Asia) Tiraz (medieval embroidered textiles, also refers to the factories in which they were made) Velvet (type of luxury compound weave)\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Terms&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Terms","link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/category\/terms\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-loom-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-loom-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-loom-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-loom-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":5743,"url":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2023\/velvet\/","url_meta":{"origin":12421,"position":1},"title":"Velvet","author":"besener","date":"May 17, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Amanda Phillips Related Terms: Ikat (dyeing technique that employs binding and resists dyeing) Khil\u02bfa (robe of honor) Loom (apparatus for making fabric by weaving) Silk (natural fiber made from silkworm cocoons) Suzani (embroidered textiles from Central Asia) Tiraz (medieval embroidered textiles, also refers to the factories in which they were\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Terms&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Terms","link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/category\/terms\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-velvet-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-velvet-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-velvet-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2023\/03\/aphillips-velvet-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3305,"url":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2021\/khila\/","url_meta":{"origin":12421,"position":2},"title":"Khil\u02bfa","author":"besener","date":"December 9, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/www.mivideo.it.umich.edu\/id\/1_lp76itta?width=708&height=502&playerId=46145191 Meredyth Winter Related Terms: Baraka (blessing \/ sacred essence) Tiraz (inscribed textile) Qaba\u02bc (caftan or robe) Tashrif (honoring textile\/gift) Ikat (a dyeing technique) Suzani (a type of embroidered textile) Worksheet: A worksheet for this video is available here. Also visit the Khamseen Worksheets page here. Related Khamseen Videos: Sam\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Terms&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Terms","link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/category\/terms\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/12\/mlwinter-khila-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/12\/mlwinter-khila-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/12\/mlwinter-khila-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/12\/mlwinter-khila-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":3293,"url":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2021\/al-buraq\/","url_meta":{"origin":12421,"position":3},"title":"Al-Buraq","author":"besener","date":"September 3, 2021","format":false,"excerpt":"https:\/\/www.mivideo.it.umich.edu\/id\/1_caz8qpbh?width=708&height=502&playerId=46145191 Sascha Crasnow Related Terms: Isra (night journey \u2013 Mecca to Jerusalem) Mi\u2018raj (celestial ascension \u2013 Jerusalem to the Heavens) Siyer-i Nebi\u00a0(biography of the Prophet) Worksheet: A worksheet for this video is available here. Also visit the Khamseen Worksheets page here. Related Khamseen Videos: Sascha Crasnow, \u201cSaba Taj\u2019s Interstellar Uber\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Terms&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Terms","link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/category\/terms\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/08\/scrasnow-al-buraq-glossary-term-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/08\/scrasnow-al-buraq-glossary-term-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/08\/scrasnow-al-buraq-glossary-term-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2021\/08\/scrasnow-al-buraq-glossary-term-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":8936,"url":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2024\/grafitti\/","url_meta":{"origin":12421,"position":4},"title":"Graffiti","author":"besener","date":"September 6, 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Ilkka Lindstedt Related Terms: Colophon (brief statement about a book\u2019s making) Qalam (reed pen) Qur\u2019an (the sacred text of Islam) Tughra (imperial signature) Worksheet: A worksheet for this video is available here. Also visit the Khamseen Worksheets page here. Related Khamseen Videos: Christiane Gruber,\u00a0\u201cTwo Islamic Amulets in the Aga Khan\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Terms&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Terms","link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/category\/terms\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2024\/06\/ilindstedt-graffiti-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2024\/06\/ilindstedt-graffiti-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2024\/06\/ilindstedt-graffiti-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2024\/06\/ilindstedt-graffiti-term-thumbnail-detail-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":13760,"url":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/terms\/2026\/wudu\/","url_meta":{"origin":12421,"position":5},"title":"Wudu","author":"Julia Falkovitch-Khain","date":"April 23, 2026","format":false,"excerpt":"(Ablution) Kambiz GhaneaBassiri Related Terms: Hammam (bathhouse) Haram (sacred or restricted area) Masjid (mosque) Saqqakhana (public water fountain and\/or modern Iranian art movement) Related Khamseen Videos: Patricia Blessing, \u201cWater and Sound in Islamic Architecture,\u201d\u00a0Khamseen: Islamic Art History Online, published 28 August 2020. Alexander Brey, \u201cThe Baths of al-Walid at Qusayr\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Terms&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Terms","link":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/category\/terms\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"People washing hands and feet at the base of a building.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2026\/03\/ghannea_bassiri_wudu-topic-video-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2026\/03\/ghannea_bassiri_wudu-topic-video-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2026\/03\/ghannea_bassiri_wudu-topic-video-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1139\/2026\/03\/ghannea_bassiri_wudu-topic-video-image_900x600px.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"post_mailing_queue_ids":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2428"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12421"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12977,"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12421\/revisions\/12977"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.lsa.umich.edu\/khamseen\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}