Associative learning / Contingency learning

Ellis, N. C. (2006). Language acquisition as rational contingency learning.  Applied Linguistics. 27 (1), 1-24. download

Ellis, N. C. (2006). Selective Attention and Transfer Phenomena in L2 Acquisition: Contingency, Cue Competition, Salience, Interference, Overshadowing, Blocking, and Perceptual Learning.  Applied Linguistics, 27 (2), 164-194. download

Murakami, A., & Ellis, N. C. (2022). Effects of Availability, Contingency, and Formulaicity on the Accuracy of English Grammatical Morphemes in Second Language Writing. Language Learning. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12500

Guo, R. & Ellis, N. C. (2021). Language Usage and Second Language Morphosyntax: Effects of Availability, Reliability, and Formulaicity. Frontiers in psychology 12Link to Online Article 

Ellis, N. C., O’Donnell, M. B., & Römer, U. (2014). The Processing of Verb-Argument Constructions is Sensitive to Form, Function, Frequency, Contingency, and Prototypicality. Cognitive Linguistics, 25 (1), 55-98. download

Ellis, N. C., O’Donnell, M. B., & Römer, U. (2014). Second Language Verb-Argument Constructions are Sensitive to Form, Function, Frequency, Contingency, and Prototypicality. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 4 (4), 405-431. download

Ellis, N. C. (2008). Usage-based and Form-focused Language Acquisition: The Associative Learning of Constructions, Learned-attention, and the Limited L2 Endstate. Chapter 16 in P. Robinson and N. Ellis (Eds.),  Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition. London: Routledge download

Ellis, N. C. , O’Donnell, M., &  Römer, U. (2014).  Does language Zipf right along?  Investigating robustness in the latent structures of usage and acquisition. In J. Connor-Linton & L. Amoroso (Eds.). Measured language: quantitative studies of acquisition, assessment, processing and variation  (pp. 33-50). Washington DC: Georgetown University Press. download

Ellis, N. C. (2006) SLA: The Associative Cognitive CREED. In B. VanPatten, J. Williams & A. F. Williams (Eds.)., Theories in second language acquisition: An introduction. Mahwah NJ: Erlbaum. download

Ellis, N. C. & O’Donnell, M. B. (2014) Construction learning as category learning: A cognitive analysis. In T. Herbst, S. Schueller, and H-J. Schmid (Eds.), Constructions – Collocations – Patterns  (pp. 63-89). Berlin: de Gruyter.

Ellis, N. C. (2002). Frequency effects in language acquisition: A review with implications for theories of implicit and explicit language acquisition. (Target article) Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24, 143-188. download

Ellis, N. C. (2002). Reflections on frequency effects in language acquisition: A response to commentaries. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 24, 297-339. download

O’Donnell, M. B., Römer, U. & Ellis, N. C.  (2013). The development of formulaic language in first and second language writing: Investigating effects of frequency, association, and native norm. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 18, (1), 83-108  download

Ellis, N. C. & O’Donnell, M.  (2012).  Statistical construction learning: Does a Zipfian problem space ensure robust language learning? In J. Rebuschat & J. Williams  (Eds.) Statistical Learning and Language Acquisition, Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.  download

Ellis, N. C. (2013). Frequency-based grammar and the acquisition of tense-aspect in L2 learning. In Rafael Salaberry & Llorenç Comajoan (Eds.) Research Design and Methodology in Studies on Second Language Tense and Aspect (pp. 89-118). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. download

Ellis, N. C. (2006). Cognitive perspectives on SLA: The Associative-Cognitive CREED.  AILA Review, 19, 100-121 download

Ellis, N. C., Natsume, M., Stavropoulou,, K., Hoxhallari, L., van Daal, V. H. P., Polyzoe, N., Tsipa, M., & Petalas, M. (2004). The effects of orthographic depth on learning to read alphabetic, syllabic, and logographic scripts. Reading Research Quarterly, 39, 438-468. download