Ellis, N. C. (1998). Emergentism, connectionism and language learning. Language Learning, 48, 631-664. download
Ellis, N. C. , O’Donnell, M., & Römer, U. (2015). Usage-based language learning. In Brian MacWhinney and William O’Grady (Eds.) The Handbook of Language Emergence (pp. 163-180). Wiley-Blackwell. download
Ellis, N. C. (2003). Constructions, chunking, and connectionism: The emergence of second language structure. In C. Doughty & M. H. Long (Eds.), Handbook of second language acquisition (pp. 33-68). Oxford: Blackwell. download
Ellis, N. C. (2012). Emergentism. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics: Cognitive Approaches (General Editor Carol A. Chapelle; Area Editor Marianne Gullberg & John Williams). Wiley-Blackwell. download
‘The Five Graces Group’ (Beckner, C., Blythe, R., Bybee, J., Christiansen, M. H., Croft, W., Ellis, N. C., Holland, J., Ke, J., Larsen-Freeman, D., Schoenemann, T.) (2009). Language is a complex adaptive system. Position paper, Language Learning, 59, Supplement 1, 1-27. download
Ellis, N. C. (2022). Bilingual language cognition as a complex adaptive system. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 1-2. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728922000372
Ellis, N. C. (2008). The dynamics of second language emergence: Cycles of language use, language change, and language acquisition. Modern Language Journal, 92:2, 232-249. download
Ellis, N. C. (1997). The epigenesis of language: Acquisition as a sequence learning problem. In A. Wray & A. Ryan (Eds.) Evolving models of language (pp. 41-57). British Studies in Applied Linguistics, 12. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd. download
Ellis, N. C. & Larsen-Freeman, D. (2006). Language Emergence: Implications for Applied Linguistics. Introduction to the Special Issue. Applied Linguistics, 27(4), 558-589. download
Ellis, N. C. (2022). Fuzzy Representations. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 25, 210-211. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1366728921000638. Link to article online
Ellis, N. C. & Larsen-Freeman, D. (Eds). (2006). Language Emergence: Implications for Applied Linguistics. Special issue. Applied Linguistics, 27(4). link
Guo, R. & Ellis, N. C. (2021). Language Usage and Second Language Morphosyntax: Effects of Availability, Reliability, and Formulaicity. Frontiers in psychology 12. Link to Online Article
Murakami, A., & Ellis, N. C. (2022). Effects of Availability, Contingency, and Formulaicity on the Accuracy of English Grammatical Morphemes in Second Language Writing. Language Learning. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/lang.12500
Douglas Fir Group (Atkinson, D., Byrnes, H., Doran, M., Duff, P., Ellis, N., Hall, J. K., Johnson, K., Lantolf, J., Larsen–Freeman, D., Negueruela, E., Norton, B., Ortega, L., Schumann, J., Swain, M., and Tarone, E.) (2016). A transdisciplinary framework for SLA in a multilingual world. Modern Language Journal, 100, 19-47. download
Hulstijn, J. H., Young, R. F., Ortega, L., Bigelow, M., DeKeyser, R., Ellis, N. C., Lantolf, J. P., Mackey, A., & Talmy, S. (2014). Bridging the Gap: Cognitive and social approaches to research in second language learning and teaching. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 36 (3), 361-421 download
Ellis, N.C. (2012) Variable competence. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism, 2, 264-268. download
Ellis, N. C. with Larsen-Freeman, D. (2009). Constructing a second language: Analyses and computational simulations of the emergence of linguistic constructions from usage. Language Learning, 59, Supplement 1, 93-128. download
Ellis, N. C. & O’Donnell, M. (2011). Robust Language Acquisition – an Emergent Consequence of Language as a Complex Adaptive System. In L. Carlson, C. Hölscher, & T. Shipley (Eds.), Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 3512-3517). Austin, TX: Cognitive Science Society. link
Ellis, N. C. (2011). The emergence of language as a complex adaptive system. In J. Simpson (Ed.), Handbook of Applied Linguistics (pp. 666-679), London: Routledge/Taylor Francis. download
Ellis, N. C. (2007). Dynamic Systems Theory and SLA: The wood and the trees. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition. 10 (1), 23-25. download