How do other animals think about the world? Why are their capacities different from (or similar to) our own? We answer these questions by studying the cognition, behavior and physiology of different primate species. We partner with parks, sanctuaries, zoos and research centers to study primate populations living in socially- and ecologically-rich contexts, often semi-free-ranging. To study nonhuman cognition, we design games that primates play to get a treat, or show them novel stimuli to see how they respond. We integrate this with behavioral observations of their interactions in natural social groups. We further collaborate with veterinarians to collect biological samples either voluntarily or during routine health exams. Finally, we collaborate with organizations studying wild primates to understand cognition, behavior, and health in the field. Our research always prioritizes the conservation, welfare, and well-being of the primates we work with, many of which are endangered species. We also aim to promote sharing of knowledge and capacity-building with local collaborators and partner institutions in our work, as well as more broadly with the general public through our outreach site Primate Learning in Action.
Our research has been supported by the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes of Health, the Leakey Foundation, and the Sloan Foundation.
Evolutionary variation in cognition
Why do some animals solve problems differently from others? A major focus of our research is understanding how variation in cognitive abilities relates to different species’ natural history. We aim to reconstruct human cognitive evolution and understand the evolutionary processes shaping cognition in general.
Recent publications:
- De Petrillo, F., Bettle, R. & Rosati, A.G. (2022). Insights from matched species comparisons for understanding cognition in the wild. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences
- De Petrillo, F. & Rosati, A.G. (2021). Variation in primate decision-making under uncertainty and the roots of human economic behaviour. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B.
- Rosati, A.G. (2017). Foraging cognition: reviving the ecological intelligence hypothesis. Trends in Cognitive Sciences.
See all publications about evolutionary variation in cognition.
Comparative development and aging
Humans exhibit a distinct life-history pattern compared to other primates, including an extended period of juvenile development and long total lifespan. These life history characteristics are thought to re-shape human cognitive development. Studies of development and aging in other primates are therefore critical to understand human evolution.
Recent publications:
- Hernández-Pacheco, R., Steiner, U.K., Rosati, A.G., Tuljapurka, S. (2023). Advancing methods for the biodemography of aging within social contexts. Neuroscience and BioBehavioral Reviews.
- Rosati, A.G., Emery Thompson, M., Atencia, R., & Buckholtz, J.W. (2023). Distinct developmental trajectories for risky and impulsive decision-making in chimpanzees. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General.
- Rosati, A.G., Hagberg, L., Enigk, D.K., Otali, E., Emery Thompson, M., Muller, M.N., Wrangham, R.W., & Machanda, Z.P., (2020) Social selectivity in aging wild chimpanzees. Science.
See all publications about development and aging.
Decision-making and cognitive control
Animals face complex foraging problems such as trading off between costs and benefits and flexibly adjusting their behavior in fluctuating environments. What cognitive skills do primates use to solve these problems, and have humans evolved unique abilities for decision-making and self-control?
Recent publications:
- Huang, Y., Chang, H., Santos, L.R. & Rosati, A.G. (in press). Predictions about reward outcomes in rhesus monkeys. Behavioral Neuroscience.
- De Petrillo, F., Nair, P., Cantwell, A., & Rosati, A.G. (2022). The evolution of cognitive control in lemurs. Psychological Science
- Cantwell, A., Buckholtz, J.W., Atencia, R., & Rosati, A.G. (2022). The origins of cognitive flexibility in chimpanzees. Developmental Science.
See all publications about decision-making and cognitive control.
Social cognition and cooperation
For gregarious species, social interactions can influence all aspects of daily life. For example, foraging requires competing (or cooperating) with others who are also trying to find food. This component of our research focuses on the skills that primates use to think about others, cooperate with others, or out-compete others.
Recent publications:
- Bettle, R. & Rosati, A.G. (2022). Sensitivity to line-of-sight in tolerant versus despotic macaques (Macaca sylvanus and Macaca mulatta). Journal of Comparative Psychology
- Bettle, R. & Rosati, A.G. (2021). The evolutionary origins of natural pedagogy: Rhesus monkeys show sustained attention following nonsocial cues versus social communicative signals. Developmental Science.
- Rosati, A.G., DiNicola, L.M., & Buckholtz, J.W. (2018). Chimpanzee cooperation is fast and independent from self-control. Psychological Science.
See all publications about social cognition and cooperation.
Health, conservation & welfare
Many of the primate species we work with are endangered the wild. For example, all species of nonhuman great apes are endangered due to habitat loss, human encroachment, and the bushmeat and pet trades. We partner with welfare and conservation organizations like the Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA) to address these issues, and further conduct research on primate health and welfare.
Recent publications:
- Rosati, A.G., Sabbi, K., Bryer, M.A.H., Barnes, P., Rukundo, J., Mukungu, T., Sekulya, P., Ampeire, I., Aligumisiriza, H., Kyama, S., Masereka, J., Nabukeera, W., Okello, A., Waiga, B., Atwijuze, S., Camargo Peña, N., Cantwell, A., Felsche, E., Flores-Mendoza, K., Mohamed, S., Monroe, I., Mulhinch, M., O’Gorman, K., Salamango, J., Shamah, R., Otali, E., Wrangham, R.W., & Machanda, Z.P. (2023). Observational approaches to chimpanzee behavior in an African sanctuary: implications for research, welfare, and capacity-building. American Journal of Primatology.
- Dunay, E., Owens, L.A., Dunn, C.D., Rukundo, J., Atencia, R., Cole, M.F., Cantwell, A., Emery Thompson, M., Rosati, A.G., Goldberg, T.L. (2023). Viruses in sanctuary chimpanzees across Africa. American Journal of Primatology.
- Cole, M.F., Cantwell, A., Rukundo, J., Ajarova, L., Fernandez-Navarro, S., Atencia, R., & Rosati, A.G. (2020). Healthy cardiovascular biomarkers across the lifespan in wild-born chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Phil. Transactions of the Royal Society B.
See all publications about health, welfare and conservation.
