C–H Functionalization The conversion of carbon-hydrogen (C–H) bonds into new functional groups represent a powerful strategy for the construction of organic molecules. Organometallics A second research area in the Sanford laboratory focuses on the design, synthesis, and reactivity studies of high valent group ten organometallic complexes. Fluorination Fluorine-containing molecules are important in the agrochemical, pharmaceutical, and medical imaging sectors. Flow Batteries Efforts to incorporate renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power into the electrical grid have increased the need for modern energy storage systems.